English Comprehension Objective MCQ
Comprehension English MCQs
Multiple choice - Reading Comprehension test
A great deal of discussion continues as to the real extent of global environmental
degradation and its implications. What few people challenge however, is that the
renewable natural resources of developing countries are today subject to stresses
of unprecedented magnitude. These pressures are brought about, in part by increased
population and the quest for an ever expanding food supply. Because the health,
nutrition and general well being of the poor majority are directly dependent on the
integrity and productivity of their natural resources, the capability of governments to
manage them effectively over the long term ‘becomes of paramount importance.
Developing countries are becoming more aware of the ways in which present
and future economic development must build upon a sound and sustainable
natural resource base. Some are looking at our long tradition in environmental
protection and are receptive to US assistance which recognized the uniqueness
of the social and ecological systems in these tropical countries. Developing countries
recognize the need to improve their capability to analyse issues and their own natural
resource management. In February 1981, for example AID funded a National, Academy of
Sciences panel to advise Nepal on, their severe natural resource degradation problems.
Some countries such as Senegal, India, Indonesia and Thailand, are now including conservation
concerns in their economic development planning process.
Because so many governments of developing nations have recognised the
importance of these issues, the need today is not merely one of raising additional
consciousness, but' for carefully designed and sharply focused activities aimed at
the establishment of effective resource management regimes that are essential to
the achievement of sustained development.
1. The poor people of the developing world can lead a happy and contented life if
(a) There is a North-South dialogue and aid flows freely to the developing world.
(b) Industries based on agriculture are widely developed
(c) Economic development takes place within the ambit of conservation of
natural resources
(d) There is an assured supply of food and medical care.
Answer. (c)
2. Technical knowhow developed in the USA
(a) Cannot be easily assimilated by the technocrats of the developing countries
(b) Can be properly utilized on the basis of developing countries being able to
launch an in depth study of their specific problems
(c) Can be easily borrowed by the developing countries to solve the problem of
Environmental degradation
(d) Can be very effective in solving the problem of resource management in
tropical countries
Answer. (b)
3. How much environmental pollution has taken place in the developing and the
developed world?
(a) There has been a marginal pollution of environment in the developed
world and extensive damage in the developing world.
(b) There has been a considerable pollution of environment all over the globes
(c) There has been an extensive environmental degradation both in
the developed and the developing world.
(d) The environmental pollution that has taken place all over the globe continues to
be a matter of speculation and enquiry.
Answer. (d)
4. Some of the developing countries of Asia and Africa have
(a) Formulated very ambitious plans of protecting habitat in the region
(b) Laid a great stress on the conservation of natural resources in their educational
endeavour
(c) Carefully dovetailed environmental conservation with the overall strategy of planned
economic development
(d) Sought the help of US experts in solving the problem of environmental degradation
Answer. (c)
5. There has been a pronounced deterioration of habitat all over the globe because of
(a) Rigorous operation of the Malthusian principle
(b) Unprecedented urbanization and dislocation of self contained rural communities
(c) Optimum degree of industrialization in the developing countries
(d) Large scale deforestation and desertification
Answer. (a)
Passage -2
A leading Indian industrialist in a recent article on ways to strengthen India’s economy has
drawn attention to the problems, of inflation and industrial sickness among other things.
One of the main reasons for industrial sickness in our country, has been the fact that
Business and industrial managers have not been able to look beyond the immediate future.
They have been too preoccupied with their attempts to report favorable results for
the current year higher profits and larger dividends to the share holders. The planning
horizon has hardly ever exceeded five years. Investments have been inadequate for new
plants and towards diversification and expansions. Modernization and asset creation has
seriously lagged behind. In business, growth is needed for survival; one has to grow if one
does not want to be wiped out. This is particularly true today with liberalization of imports
and increasing competition. Moreover, growth and higher productivity create employment
and higher employment creates larger markets both for industrial and consumer products.
It was Henry Ford who bought home the need for the creation of la larger and a more
Stable middle class, that is, a larger number of people who can afford more and more of
goods and services. Even alter forty years of independence our industrialists have not
been able to shed the petty shopkeeper’s mentality and our highly educated management
has tagged along merrily and without concern.
6. Which of the following short comings of Indian industrialists has been highlighted by
the author?
(a) They invest unreasonable high amount on diversification and expansion.
(b) They are more concerned for immediate net gains than for developmental activities.
(c) They are reluctant to maintain the shopkeeper mentality.
(d) They are less concerned for payment of dividends to shareholders.
(e) None ofthe above
Answer. (b)
7. According to the passage, growth and increasing productivity lead to
(a) Imposition of restrictions on imports
(b) Employment and thus provide an outlet to industrial and consumer products
(c) Encouragement to export of excess consumer goods
(d) Disproportionate surplus of commodities
(e) None of the above
Answer. (b)
8. The planning horizon bias hardly ever exceeded five years implies
(a) Planning should not be for a period of less than five years.
(b) The planning process is very time consuming.
(c) The planners are not inclined to think of future.
(d) Planning should take care of all probable ups and downs in the next five-year period.
(e) Five-year period is too short for successful implementation of plans.
Answer. (e)
9. In order to improve the condition of Indian industries, the industrialist should do all of
the following except
(a) Giving up the narrow mentality which very small shopkeepers generally have
(b) Striving to earn long term profits
(c) Encouraging competition from industrialists within the country and from abroad
(d) Resorting to long-term planning for industrial growth and expansion in diverse fields
(e) Adopting strategies for diversification and modernization
Answer. (b)
10. The leading industrialist attributes industrial sickness mainly to
(a) Lacunae in five-year plans
(b) Preoccupations of managers with matters unrelated to business.
(c) Higher profits and larger dividends to shareholders
(d) Lack of foresight among managers
(e) Inflation and other economic problems
Answer. (c)
11. Why did Henry Ford stress the need for a more stable middle class?
(a) They are mostly service oriented.
(b) They do not have shopkeeper mentality
(c) They can afford to buy more and more expensive goods.
(d) They are most unstable
(e) None of these
Answer. (c)
12. According to the passage, the net gains pursued by managers are at the cost of
(a) Diversification, modernization and asset creation
(b) Availability of markets for industrial and consumer products
(c) Inflation and industrial sickness
(d) Liberalization of imports and increasing competition
(e) Higher profits and larger dividends to share holders
Answer. (a)
