The United Nations Charter was drawn up by the representatives of 50 countries at the United Nations Conference on International Organisation, which met in San Francisco from 25 April to 26 june 1945.
The Charter was signed on 26 june 1945 by the representatives of the 50 countries.
The United Nations officially came into existence on 24 Oct l945.
United Nations Day is celebrated on 24 Oct. each year.
Official languages of the UN are: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish.
On the flag is the UN emblem in white centred on a light blue ground.
UN Headquarters: First Avenue, UN Plaza, New York City, NY. 10017, USA.
Principal Organs of the UN are:
- General Assembly
- Secretariat
- Security Council
- Trusteeship Council
- Economic and Social Council and International Court of justice
The Assembly consists of the representatives of all the member states. Each state has one vote, but may send 5 representatives. The General Assembly meets at least once in a year.
Security Council
- Security Council consists of 15 members
There are five permanent and 10 non-permanent members
Non-permanent members are elected for a 2-year term by a two-thirds majority of the General Assembly.
The permanent members have the power to veto any move.
Retiring members are not eligible for immediate re-election. - Permanent Members: China, France, Russia, UK, USA.
The Council’s Regional Economic Commissions:
- ECE (Economic Commission for Europe, Geneva);
- ESCAP (Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok);
- ECLAC (Economic Commission for Latin America and the Carribbean, Santiago, Chile); ECA (Economic Commission for Africa, Addis Aba ba).
- ESCWA (Economic Commission for Western Asia, Amman, Jordan).
There are 15 judges in International Court
Head quarters : The Peace Palace, 2517 KJ The Hague, Netherlands.
Languages: French and English.
The Secretariat
The Secretariat is composed of the Secretary-General and international staff appointed by him under regulations established by the General Assembly.
The Secretary General, the High Commissioner for Refugees and the Managing Director of the Fund are appointed by the General Assembly.
HQ : United Nations Plaza, New York, NY 10017, USA.
United Nations Development Programme
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), is the world’s largest agency for multilateral, technical and pre-investment co-operation.
HQ: New York
High Commissioner for Human Rights
The post was established in 1993. The Commission has 53 members.
United Nations Children’s Fund
United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), established in 1946 as United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund .
Doing development activities aimed at improv ng the quality of life for children and mothers in developing countries.
HQ: New York
The UN Fund for Population Activities
The UN Fund for Population Activities (UNFPA) was established in 1969 with aims to build up capacity to respond to needs in populaton and family planning.
UN Environment Programme(UNEP)
UN Environment Programme(UNEP) was Established in 1972, it works to encourage sustainable development through sound environmental practices.
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) was established by the
UN General Assembly with effect from 1 jan. 1951.
UNHCR was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1955 and again in 1981.
HQ : Palais de Nations, 1211, Geneva 10, Switzerland.
Current UN Secretary General is Ban ki Moon
International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA)International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA) was established on 29 july 1957
HQ : Vienna International Centre, P Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria.
United Nations Industrial Development Organisation
United Nations Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO), provides advice on all aspects of industrial policy.
Converted into a specialised agency of UN in 1985.
HQ: Vienna International Centre, P.O.Box 300, A-1400 Vienna, Austria.
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